管道与水力设计

工程问题

• What normal, minimum, maximum, startup, shutdown, and credible transient cases govern?
• What are the source and destination levels, boundary pressures, and available hydraulic head?
• What fluid density, viscosity, temperature, solids, and material/pressure-class requirements apply?

关键输入

• Normal / minimum / maximum design flow casesm³/h
• Fluid temperature range°C
• Source and destination boundary pressuresbar
• Source-to-destination elevation differencem
• Fluid identity, density, viscosity, and solids basisproject basis
• Startup, shutdown, trip, and transient casesproject basis

关键输出

• Declared design-flow casesm³/h
• Declared static-head and elevation basism
• Declared fluid-property basisproject basis

工程问题

• Which line lengths, internal diameters, roughness/materials, fittings, valves, pressure classes, and boundaries are known?
• Where are high and low points, air pockets, drains, isolation points, and equipment interfaces?
• Which branches and operating modes change flow distribution, balancing, or construction sequence?

关键输入

• Line list, branches, and network connectivityPCF / JSON / project basis
• Per-line design-flow casesm³/h
• Internal diameter and wall / schedule basismm
• Material, roughness, and pressure-class basisproject specification
• Design pressure and class basisbar / project code
• Route elevations and high / low pointsm
• PCF / JSON geometry and component records, where availablefile / project basis

关键输出

• Reviewed line / branch topology and geometryengineering review
• Declared material and pressure-class verification basisengineering review

工程问题

• Does each critical line diameter keep velocity and single-run losses within project limits?
• What friction/minor loss and static elevation contribution apply to each operating case?
• How will the line results be assembled into system total dynamic head, a pump system curve, and an operating point?

关键输入

• Per-run design flowm³/h
• Internal pipe diametermm
• Inlet / boundary pressurebar
• Fluid temperature / property basis°C
• Pipe roughness and materialmm / project basis
• Run elevation changem
• Selected fittings and valve counts for one runitem count
• Externally assembled system TDH by operating casem
• Selected pump duty / system-curve basis, if availableproject basis

关键输出

• Calculated line velocitym/s
• Single-run friction and minor-loss pressure dropkPa
• Single-run elevation contributionm
• Single-run outlet / pressure screenbar

工程问题

• Where can air collect or sub-atmospheric pressure occur across fill, drain, shutdown, and normal operation?
• Which profile high points and changes in grade warrant air-valve review?
• What airflow, pressure, capacity, hydraulic grade, and surge checks are required before selecting valves?

关键输入

• Pipeline flow and operating casesm³/h
• Pipeline pressure envelopebar
• Route profile and elevationsm
• High / low points and valve placement criteriaengineering basis
• Fill, drain, vacuum, and transient scenariosproject basis

关键输出

• Preliminary air-valve placement geometryengineering screen
• Required capacity / pressure / transient verificationengineering review

工程问题

• What pump duty and system curve establish the required operating point for each case?
• What valve opening/closing torque, safety factors, and full-stroke profile apply?
• What air-supply range, spring return, failure position, and actuator arrangement are required?
• What pressure class, material compatibility, controls, vendor curves, and site standards must be verified?

关键输入

• Equipment operating-flow casem³/h
• Externally assembled total system TDH by casem
• Selected pump curve / duty basis and operating casesproject basis
• Valve / actuator pressure and air-supply basisbar
• Associated single-run line-loss basiskPa
• Valve torque demand and full-stroke profileN·m
• Air/spring torque curves, actuation mode, and failure positionvendor/project basis
• Valve / actuator materials and serviceproject specification
• Valve design pressure classproject specification

关键输出

• Entered demand versus air / spring torque comparisonN·m
• Declared actuation/failure basis for vendor reviewengineering review
• Declared supply and design pressure basisbar
• Vendor and project verification requirementsengineering review