냉각 및 산업용수 관리

엔지니어링 질문

• What is the makeup source, flow envelope, and seasonal or event-driven variability?
• What are pH, conductivity/TDS, hardness, alkalinity, silica, chloride, temperature, turbidity, and relevant residuals?
• Is the source reclaimed water, and what treatment history or compatibility limits apply?

핵심 입력

• Available and design makeup flowm³/h
• Makeup-water temperature envelope°C
• Makeup pH rangepH
• Makeup conductivityµS/cm
• Makeup TDSmg/L
• Calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
• Alkalinitymg/L as CaCO₃
• Dissolved silicamg/L as SiO₂
• Chloridemg/L
• Suspended solids / turbiditymg/L / NTU
• Source identity, reuse provenance, and variability casesproject basis

핵심 출력

• Declared makeup-quality and source envelopeproject basis
• Available makeup supply basism³/h

엔지니어링 질문

• What supplied-water saturation indicators and constituent limits govern, including calcium hardness, alkalinity, silica, and chloride?
• Which inhibitor, pH adjustment, oxidizing or non-oxidizing biocide, monitoring, and control program is supported by project data?
• Is sidestream filtration or reclaimed-water pretreatment needed, and how will dose, residuals, and metallurgy be verified?

핵심 입력

• Circulating-water flowm³/h
• Cold / hot circulating-water temperatures°C
• Circulating-water pHpH
• Circulating-water TDSmg/L
• Calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
• Alkalinitymg/L as CaCO₃
• Dissolved silicamg/L as SiO₂
• Chloridemg/L
• Metallurgy, corrosion, and deposit-control criteriaproject basis
• Biological-control and monitoring criteriaproject basis
• Selected chemical and dose, where testedmg/L

핵심 출력

• Supplied-water LSI / RSI screening basisindex
• Declared chemical feed basismg/L
• Declared corrosion monitoring basisproject basis

엔지니어링 질문

• What heat-rejection duty, circulating flow, and hot-to-cold water range govern?
• What evaporation coefficient, drift class, and target cycles of concentration are justified by site conditions?
• What makeup and blowdown flows result, and which measured circulating-water chemistry is used for saturation screening?

핵심 입력

• Heat-rejection dutykW
• Circulating-water flowm³/h
• Hot and cold circulating-water temperatures / index temperature°C
• Target cycles of concentrationratio
• Drift-eliminator class / drift assumption%
• Evaporation coefficient and operating assumptionproject basis
• Measured circulating-water TDSmg/L
• Measured circulating-water pHpH
• Measured calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
• Measured circulating-water alkalinitymg/L as CaCO₃

핵심 출력

• Calculated heat-rejection estimate from flow and temperature rangekW
• Estimated evaporation lossm³/h
• Estimated drift lossm³/h
• Estimated blowdown flow at target cyclesm³/h
• Estimated makeup demandm³/h
• Target / achieved cycles basisratio

엔지니어링 질문

• What blowdown flow, chemistry, treatment residuals, and variability are expected?
• Is the stream suitable for direct reuse, sidestream filtration, RO, or another treatment after compatibility and treatability review?
• Which residual or constituent controls disposal, reuse, or discharge?

핵심 입력

• Blowdown flow and operating rangem³/h
• Blowdown TDSmg/L
• Blowdown feed temperature°C
• Declared feed / boundary pressurebar
• Blowdown calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
• Blowdown dissolved silicamg/L as SiO₂
• Blowdown chloridemg/L
• Treatment residuals and added chemical basisas measured
• Reuse or discharge objective and limitsproject basis

핵심 출력

• Declared blowdown treatment / reuse basisproject basis
• Residuals and discharge review basisproject basis

엔지니어링 질문

• What reclaimed-water quality and variability are acceptable for the cooling materials and treatment program?
• Which current permit, receiving-water, and monitoring requirements govern blowdown?
• How do source substitution and discharge constraints change cycles, makeup demand, treatment, and residuals?

핵심 입력

• Reuse / discharge flowm³/h
• Reclaimed-water or receiving-water qualityproject basis
• Residual TDSmg/L
• Silicamg/L as SiO₂
• Chloridemg/L
• Operating cycles basisratio
• Treatment residuals and permit criteriaproject basis

핵심 출력

• Declared reuse / discharge quality basisproject basis
• Declared water-use and makeup basism³/h
• Monitoring and residuals review basisproject basis