冷却水・産業用水管理

段階 01 · 原水・基礎

Makeup-Water Characterization

Set cooling-loop quality and demand basis.

目的

Declare the source, seasonal quality envelope, available volume, and end-use requirements that constrain cooling chemistry and water balance.

次の判断

Choose the conditioning and balance basis for the loop.

エンジニアリング上の問い

What is the makeup source, flow envelope, and seasonal or event-driven variability?
What are pH, conductivity/TDS, hardness, alkalinity, silica, chloride, temperature, turbidity, and relevant residuals?
Is the source reclaimed water, and what treatment history or compatibility limits apply?

主な入力

Available and design makeup flowm³/h
Makeup-water temperature envelope°C
Makeup pH rangepH
Makeup conductivityµS/cm
Makeup TDSmg/L
Calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
Alkalinitymg/L as CaCO₃
Dissolved silicamg/L as SiO₂
Chloridemg/L
Suspended solids / turbiditymg/L / NTU
Source identity, reuse provenance, and variability casesproject basis

主な出力

Declared makeup-quality and source envelopeproject basis
Available makeup supply basism³/h

制約 / 設計上の考慮事項

Cooling-water compatibility depends on the actual metallurgy, heat-transfer surfaces, treatment program, operating cycles, and discharge route.
Reclaimed water requires source-specific constituent, residual, and variability review; a source label alone is not a compatibility assessment.

この段階のツール

公開中 単位換算ツール Supporting: convert declared flow, pressure, and concentration units; this does not characterize water or assess cooling compatibility. ツールを開く

エンジニアリングガイダンス Makeup-Water Characterization No current ATLAS tool characterizes makeup-water quality, forecasts seasonal variability, or evaluates reclaimed-water compatibility with the cooling system.

段階 02 · 薬品調整

Conditioning

Control scaling, corrosion, and biology.

目的

Set the circulating-water scale, corrosion, deposition, and biological-control basis against metallurgy, operating cycles, and discharge limits.

次の判断

Set the cooling-system balance and cycles basis.

エンジニアリング上の問い

What supplied-water saturation indicators and constituent limits govern, including calcium hardness, alkalinity, silica, and chloride?
Which inhibitor, pH adjustment, oxidizing or non-oxidizing biocide, monitoring, and control program is supported by project data?
Is sidestream filtration or reclaimed-water pretreatment needed, and how will dose, residuals, and metallurgy be verified?

主な入力

Circulating-water flowm³/h
Cold / hot circulating-water temperatures°C
Circulating-water pHpH
Circulating-water TDSmg/L
Calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
Alkalinitymg/L as CaCO₃
Dissolved silicamg/L as SiO₂
Chloridemg/L
Metallurgy, corrosion, and deposit-control criteriaproject basis
Biological-control and monitoring criteriaproject basis
Selected chemical and dose, where testedmg/L

主な出力

Supplied-water LSI / RSI screening basisindex
Declared chemical feed basismg/L
Declared corrosion monitoring basisproject basis

制約 / 設計上の考慮事項

LSI/RSI are empirical screening indicators based on supplied chemistry; they do not predict metal-specific corrosion, silica behavior, scale deposition rate, or biocide efficacy.
The dosing calculator calculates feed and batch quantities for a selected chemical and dose; it does not select an inhibitor/biocide program or set a cooling-water control strategy.
Sidestream filtration and reclaimed-water compatibility require measured solids/chemistry, metallurgy, vendor, and project review.

この段階のツール

公開中 冷却塔水収支・LSI計算ツール Supporting: screen water balance and supplied-water LSI/RSI; indices do not select a treatment program or predict corrosion. ツールを開く公開中 薬品注入基準計算ツール Supporting: calculate feed and batch quantities after the chemical and dose are selected; it does not choose the program. ツールを開く

エンジニアリングガイダンス Conditioning No ATLAS tool selects a cooling-water treatment program, predicts corrosion or biological control, or sizes sidestream filtration.

関連研究

No stage-specific research mapping is published for this boundary.

段階 03 · その他

Cooling-System Balance

Connect evaporation, cycles, makeup, and blowdown.

目的

Connect the declared cooling duty and circulation basis to evaporation, cycles of concentration, drift, blowdown, and makeup demand.

次の判断

Decide how blowdown is controlled, treated, and discharged or reused.

エンジニアリング上の問い

What heat-rejection duty, circulating flow, and hot-to-cold water range govern?
What evaporation coefficient, drift class, and target cycles of concentration are justified by site conditions?
What makeup and blowdown flows result, and which measured circulating-water chemistry is used for saturation screening?

主な入力

Heat-rejection dutykW
Circulating-water flowm³/h
Hot and cold circulating-water temperatures / index temperature°C
Target cycles of concentrationratio
Drift-eliminator class / drift assumption%
Evaporation coefficient and operating assumptionproject basis
Measured circulating-water TDSmg/L
Measured circulating-water pHpH
Measured calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
Measured circulating-water alkalinitymg/L as CaCO₃

主な出力

Calculated heat-rejection estimate from flow and temperature rangekW
Estimated evaporation lossm³/h
Estimated drift lossm³/h
Estimated blowdown flow at target cyclesm³/h
Estimated makeup demandm³/h
Target / achieved cycles basisratio

制約 / 設計上の考慮事項

The balance is a screening estimate from declared circulation, range, drift, and cycles; heat rejected is informational and does not size tower hardware or determine circulation from a heat load.
LSI/RSI is calculated only from supplied chemistry and does not establish the allowable cycles for silica, chloride, corrosion, biology, or metallurgy.

この段階のツール

公開中 冷却塔水収支・LSI計算ツール Primary: screen evaporation, drift, blowdown, makeup, cycles, heat-rejection estimate, and supplied-water LSI/RSI. ツールを開く

エンジニアリングガイダンス Cooling-System Balance No current ATLAS tool performs cooling-tower mechanical selection, wet-bulb/approach performance, or control-system design.

関連研究

段階 04 · 残留物

Blowdown

Define the residual stream and control point.

目的

Carry the estimated blowdown flow and chemistry into treatment, reuse, residuals, and discharge review.

次の判断

Confirm reuse or discharge context and the water-use objective.

エンジニアリング上の問い

What blowdown flow, chemistry, treatment residuals, and variability are expected?
Is the stream suitable for direct reuse, sidestream filtration, RO, or another treatment after compatibility and treatability review?
Which residual or constituent controls disposal, reuse, or discharge?

主な入力

Blowdown flow and operating rangem³/h
Blowdown TDSmg/L
Blowdown feed temperature°C
Declared feed / boundary pressurebar
Blowdown calcium hardnessmg/L as CaCO₃
Blowdown dissolved silicamg/L as SiO₂
Blowdown chloridemg/L
Treatment residuals and added chemical basisas measured
Reuse or discharge objective and limitsproject basis

主な出力

Declared blowdown treatment / reuse basisproject basis
Residuals and discharge review basisproject basis

制約 / 設計上の考慮事項

Cooling-water balance can estimate blowdown flow but does not select blowdown treatment or determine reuse/discharge quality.
RO screening requires a characterized feed and defined recovery objective; it does not design pretreatment, sidestream filtration, concentrate handling, or permit compliance.

この段階のツール

公開中 冷却塔水収支・LSI計算ツール Supporting: recheck blowdown and makeup flows under the declared range, drift, and cycles assumptions. ツールを開く公開中 ROシステムデザイナー Conditional: screen a selected RO option for characterized blowdown; not a treatment train or discharge evaluation. ツールを開く

エンジニアリングガイダンス Blowdown No ATLAS tool selects blowdown treatment, sizes sidestream filtration, validates reclaimed-water compatibility, or evaluates discharge limits and residuals.

関連研究

段階 05 · 再利用 / 放流

Reuse or Discharge Context

Carry the balance into the permitting decision.

目的

Connect a fit-for-purpose reuse decision or receiving-water discharge basis to water availability, cooling materials, operating chemistry, and residuals controls.

次の判断

Carry the declared balance and chemistry basis into equipment, controls, and permitting review.

エンジニアリング上の問い

What reclaimed-water quality and variability are acceptable for the cooling materials and treatment program?
Which current permit, receiving-water, and monitoring requirements govern blowdown?
How do source substitution and discharge constraints change cycles, makeup demand, treatment, and residuals?

主な入力

Reuse / discharge flowm³/h
Reclaimed-water or receiving-water qualityproject basis
Residual TDSmg/L
Silicamg/L as SiO₂
Chloridemg/L
Operating cycles basisratio
Treatment residuals and permit criteriaproject basis

主な出力

Declared reuse / discharge quality basisproject basis
Declared water-use and makeup basism³/h
Monitoring and residuals review basisproject basis

制約 / 設計上の考慮事項

No tool validates reclaimed-water compatibility against metallurgy, biocide residuals, cycles, or water-use specifications.
Current permits, receiving-water limits, and project standards govern discharge; this workflow provides no compliance determination.

エンジニアリングガイダンス

エンジニアリングガイダンスReuse or Discharge ContextNo ATLAS tool determines reclaimed-water compatibility, cooling treatment limits, permit compliance, or blowdown residuals management.

関連研究

ATLAS エンジニアリングリソースを検索

冷却水

主要処理フロー

この段階のツール · 段階 01 — Makeup-Water Characterization

この段階のツール · 段階 02 — Conditioning

この段階のツール · 段階 03 — Cooling-System Balance

この段階のツール · 段階 04 — Blowdown

エンジニアリングガイダンス — 段階 05 — Reuse or Discharge Context

Makeup-Water Characterization

この段階のツール

関連研究

Conditioning

この段階のツール

関連研究

Cooling-System Balance

この段階のツール

関連研究

Blowdown

この段階のツール

関連研究

Reuse or Discharge Context

エンジニアリングガイダンス

関連研究

研究とインテリジェンスの文脈